Miscellaneous
This week on Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan:An appeal by a 13-year-old girl who was found to be not criminally responsible as a result of a mental disorder (NCRMD) provides insight into how criminal law deals with mental illness. The girl in question was described as having a childhood that was troubled: a history of neglect, a family history of substance use, mental health issues and suicides. She had been receiving assistance for her mental health since she was eight years old and had been hospitalized for mental health issues numerous times since she was ten years old. She was charged with various offences including mischief for throwing cups, plates, and food in her group home, sealing two lighters from a corner store, lighting some nearby shrubs on fire, and assaulting a nurse and security guard in a youth mental health facility. After the girl stole the lighters from the corner store, she was committed under the Mental Health Act. The Mental Health Act, in British Columbia, permits someone who is a danger to themselves or others to be kept in hospital for involuntary treatment. When the criminal cases got to court, there was an assessment done to determine if the girl was “fit to stand trial”. This requires someone to have a basic understanding of things like what the charges are, who the various people in a courtroom are. She was found to have this capacity and so the case was permitted to proceed. A further assessment diagnosed the girl as suffering from several mental health issues: psychosis, likely caused by childhood schizophrenia, complex posttraumatic stress disorder, attachment disorder, polysubstance misuse, drug-seeking behaviour, and significant abandonment issues with respect to family and system. Both lawyers agreed, and the trial judge found, that the girl met the test for being NCRMD. This can occur if a judge finds that someone was incapable of appreciating the nature and quality of an act of omission or knowing that it was wrong. This state of affairs must also be caused by a “disease of the mind” and not, for example, self-induced intoxication. With the assistance of another lawyer, the girl unsuccessfully appealed the NCRMD finding on the basis that she wasn’t told that it could result in her being kept in hospital indefinitely unless a review board was satisfied that she didn’t pose an undue risk in the community. An NCRMD finding results in someone being dealt with in the hospital, rather than jail. The time in hospital, or being subject to conditions may be much longer than a regular sentence for the same offences. Also on the show, the process for qualifying as a lawyer is discussed in the context of a student challenging a finding that they didn’t adequately complete a contract drafting assignment.To qualify as a lawyer in British Columbia, someone needs to complete a law degree, article for 9 months, and then complete and pass a 10-week course called PLTC: the Professional Legal Training Course. Articling involves working with a senior lawyer to develop practical skills. The PLTC course also teaches and examines practical legal skills. Finally, on the show, an unsuccessful judicial review by an Abbotsford police officer was dismissed following a series of unfortunate instances of misconduct that started with the officer meeting a much younger woman in the course of his duties. The misconduct included falsely claiming that the younger woman, and her daughter, were living with the officer so that they could take advantage of his medical benefits. This eventually resulted in criminal convictions for defrauding the insurance company. Follow this link for a transcript of the show and links to the cases d