Learn about the shocking prevalence of torture scenes in movies; why durian, the world’s smelliest fruit, smells so bad; and where mold comes from. Torture is prevalent and effective in movies (but not in real life) by Kelsey Donk Torture Prevalent, Effective in Popular Movies, Study Finds – University of Alabama News | The University of Alabama. (2020). Ua.Edu. https://www.ua.edu/news/2020/01/torture-prevalent-effective-in-popular-movies-study-finds/  Delehanty, C., & Kearns, E. (2019). Wait, There’s Torture in Zootopia?: Examining the Prevalence of Torture in Popular Movies. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3342908  Scientists discovered why durian is the world's smelliest fruit by Kelsey Donk A Love Letter to a Smelly Fruit. (2013, December 3). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/08/travel/a-love-letter-to-a-smelly-fruit.html   Discovering what makes durian stink. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/lfla-dwm022820.php   Identification of an Important Odorant Precursor in Durian: First Evidence of Ethionine in Plants. (2019). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07065   Maninang, J. S., Lizada, M. C. C., & Gemma, H. (2009). Inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme by Durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) fruit extract. Food Chemistry, 117(2), 352–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.03.106   Ethanethiol - American Chemical Society. (2020). American Chemical Society. https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/e/ethanethiol.html  Where does mold come from? by Ashley Hamer (Listener question from Tim) USDA FSIS. (2013). Molds on Food: Are They Dangerous? https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/a87cdc2c-6ddd-49f0-bd1f-393086742e68/Molds_on_Food.pdf?MOD=AJPERES  Stradley, L. (2016, April 5). Food Molds – Are Molds Dangerous. What’s Cooking America. https://whatscookingamerica.net/Q-A/Mold.htm  Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. (2019). BAM Chapter 18. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/laboratory-methods-food/bam-yeasts-molds-and-mycotoxins  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Curiosity

Where Does Mold Come From? Plus: Torture Scenes in Movies vs. Real Life and Why the World’s Smelliest Fruit Smells So Bad

Learn about how your lover’s clothing could improve your sleep; how astronauts grew vegetables in space for the first time; and ancient animals that were connected by a crude version of the internet. Smelling your lover’s shirt could improve your sleep by Kelsey Donk 3 Reasons to Give Your Valentine a Smelly, Unwashed T-Shirt. (2020). Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-athletes-way/202002/3-reasons-give-your-valentine-smelly-unwashed-t-shirt  Smelling your lover’s shirt could improve your sleep. (2020, February 13). UBC News. https://news.ubc.ca/2020/02/13/smelling-your-lovers-shirt-could-improve-your-sleep/  Reed, D. L., & Sacco, W. P. (2016). Measuring Sleep Efficiency: What Should the Denominator Be? Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 12(2), 263–266. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.5498  We grew lettuce in space! by Grant Currin Space lettuce. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/f-sl022720.php   Khodadad, C. L. M., Hummerick, M. E., Spencer, L. E., Dixit, A. R., Richards, J. T., Romeyn, M. W., Smith, T. M., Wheeler, R. M., & Massa, G. D. (2020). Microbiological and Nutritional Analysis of Lettuce Crops Grown on the International Space Station. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00199   What do astronauts eat in space? (2019, April 28). Royal Museums Greenwich. https://www.rmg.co.uk/discover/explore/space-stargazing/space-exploration/what-do-astronauts-eat-in-space  Half-billion-year-old fern-like animals acted like an ancient internet by Cameron Duke Half billion-year-old “social network” observed in early animals. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/uoc-hb030320.php   Quaglia, S. (2020, March 5). Half-billion-year-old, fern-like animals may be the first social network. Inverse; Inverse. https://www.inverse.com/science/ancient-fern-animals-may-be-first-social-network   Liu, A. G., & Dunn, F. S. (2020). Filamentous Connections between Ediacaran Fronds. Current Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.052   Taylor, J. W., Hann-Soden, C., Branco, S., Sylvain, I., & Ellison, C. E. (2015). Clonal reproduction in fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(29), 8901–8908. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503159112   Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Astronauts Grew Lettuce in Space, Why Smelling a Dirty Shirt Can Help You Sleep, and Early Animals That Acted Like an Ancient Internet

Learn about why hundreds of ducks are employees at a wine vineyard; a musical invention that was the Spotify of the Victorian era; and a delicious mathematical principle known as the ham sandwich theorem. Hundreds of Ducks Are Employees at a Vineyard by Joanie Faletto https://curiosity.com/topics/hundreds-of-ducks-are-employees-at-a-vineyard-curiosity  The Telharmonium was the Victorian version of Spotify by Steffie Drucker McClure’s magazine  v.27 1906 May-Oct. (2017). HathiTrust. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015027895930&view=1up&seq=297  Morton, E. (2015, November 24). The Telharmonium Was the Spotify of 1906. Atlas Obscura; Atlas Obscura. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-telharmonium-was-the-spotify-of-1906  Stubbs, D. (2018, November 16). The World’s First Synthesizer Was a 200-Ton Behemoth. Smithsonian Magazine; Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/worlds-first-synthesizer-was-200-ton-behemoth-180970828/  ‌Weidenaar, R. (1995). Magic Music from the Telharmonium. Google Books. https://books.google.com/books?id=Gr2kq-598-YC&lpg=PP1&dq=telharmonium&pg=PA71#v=snippet&q=helmholtz&f=false  Davidson, R. (2014). 9XM Talking: The Early History of WHA Radio. Wisconsin Public Radio. http://www.portalwisconsin.org/archives/9xm.cfm#:~:text= The Ham Sandwich Theorem Is a Delicious and Puzzling Mathematical Principle by Ashley Hamer https://curiosity.com/topics/the-ham-sandwich-theorem-is-a-delicious-and-puzzling-mathematical-principle-curiosity Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Ducks Are Employees at a Vineyard, the Victorian Version of Spotify, and A Mathematical Theorem for Cutting a Ham Sandwich

Learn about the invisible harms of thirdhand smoke; massive viruses that blur the line between the living and non-living; and why whales get lost during solar storms. Moviegoers contaminate nonsmoking movie theater with 'thirdhand' cigarette smoke by Kelsey Donk Moviegoers contaminate nonsmoking movie theater with “thirdhand” cigarette smoke. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/aaft-mcn030220.php  Thirdhand smoke wafting off moviegoers hurts air quality in theaters. (2020, March 5). Science News. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/thirdhand-smoke-fumes-air-quality-movie-theaters  Sheu, R., Stönner, C., Ditto, J. C., Klüpfel, T., Williams, J., & Gentner, D. R. (2020). Human transport of thirdhand tobacco smoke: A prominent source of hazardous air pollutants into indoor nonsmoking environments. Science Advances, 6(10), eaay4109. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay4109  Massive viruses that blur the line between living and non-living by Cameron Duke Al-Shayeb, B., Sachdeva, R., Chen, L.-X., Ward, F., Munk, P., Devoto, A., Castelle, C. J., Olm, M. R., Bouma-Gregson, K., Amano, Y., He, C., Méheust, R., Brooks, B., Thomas, A., Lavy, A., Matheus-Carnevali, P., Sun, C., Goltsman, D. S. A., Borton, M. A., … Banfield, J. F. (2020). Clades of huge phages from across Earth’s ecosystems. Nature, 578(7795), 425–431. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2007-4  Huge bacteria-eating viruses close gap between life and non-life: Large bacteriophages carry bacterial genes, including CRISPR and ribosomal proteins. (2020, February 12). ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/02/200212131458.htm  Solar storms blind whales because they mess with magnetoreception by Cameron Duke Solar storms may leave gray whales “blind” and stranded. (2020). ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/02/200224111356.htm  Granger, J., Walkowicz, L., Fitak, R., & Johnsen, S. (2020). Gray whales strand more often on days with increased levels of atmospheric radio-frequency noise. Current Biology, 30(4), R155–R156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.028  Johnsen, S., & Lohmann, K. J. (2008). Magnetoreception in animals. Physics Today, 61(3), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2897947  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

The Invisible Harm of Thirdhand Smoke, Why Whales Get Lost During Solar Storms, and A Massive Virus That Blurs the Line Between Life and Non-Life

Learn about how your romantic attachment style affects your finances; the surprising reason why some amphibians glow; and why laughter might really be the best medicine. How Your Romantic Style Affects Your Finances by Kelsey Donk How your romantic attachment style affects your finances, well-being. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/uoa-hyr022520.php  Li, X., Curran, M. A., LeBaron, A. B., Serido, J., & Shim, S. (2020). Romantic Attachment Orientations, Financial Behaviors, and Life Outcomes Among Young Adults: A Mediating Analysis of a College Cohort. Journal of Family and Economic Issues. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-020-09664-1  Dung Minh Mao, Danes, S. M., Serido, J., & Soyeon Shim. (2017). Financial Influences Impacting Young Adults’ Relationship Satisfaction: Personal Management Quality, Perceived Partner Behavior, and Perceived Financial Mutuality. New Prairie Press. https://newprairiepress.org/jft/vol8/iss2/3/  Why Some Amphibians Glow by Cameron Duke Glowing frogs and salamanders may be surprisingly common. (2020, February 27). Science News. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/glowing-frogs-salamanders-may-be-surprisingly-common  Lamb, J. Y., & Davis, M. P. (2020). Salamanders and other amphibians are aglow with biofluorescence. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59528-9  First fluorescent frogs might see each others’ glow | Science News. (2017, April 3). Science News. https://www.sciencenews.org/article/first-fluorescent-frogs-might-see-each-others-glow  Laughter Might Really Be The Best Medicine by Ashley Hamer  Laughter Might Really Be The Best Medicine. (2014). Curiosity.com. https://curiosity.com/topics/how-does-laughter-work Social laughter is correlated with an elevated pain threshold | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. (2011). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2011.1373   Humor, laughter, learning, and health! A brief review | Advances in Physiology Education. (2010). Advances in Physiology Education. https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/advan.00030.2017  Effect and Path Analysis of Laughter Therapy on Serotonin, Depression and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women. (2015). Koreamed.Org. https://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.221&vmode=PUBREADER  Heart and Vascular Team. (2016, August 15). 3 Ways That Laughter Can Give You a Healthier Heart. Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic; Health Essentials from Cleveland Clinic. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/3-ways-laughter-can-give-healthier-heart-2/  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Laughter Might Be the Best Medicine, How Your Romantic Style Affects Your Finances, and Why Some Amphibians Glow

Dr. Julia Schaletzky explains what it takes to develop vaccines for viruses like COVID-19. Dr. Schaletzky is the Executive Director of the Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases, the Drug Discovery Center, and the Immunotherapy and Vaccine Research Institute at UC Berkeley. In this special coronavirus coverage from Curiosity Daily, Dr. Schaletzky discusses: What science needs to be done in order to make a new vaccine a reality? Why can’t we grow a live virus vaccine for COVID-19? What are the challenges associated with animal testing? How long does it take to complete clinical trials and why are they so important? What are the differences between ebola vaccine development and coronavirus vaccine development? Why do we update vaccines for the seasonal flu, and will we have to update a COVID-19 vaccine after it’s been developed? What zoonotic viruses have we identified besides COVID-19 and how can we protect humans from them in the future? What is it about a bat’s immune system that increases risk of virus transmission to humans? How long should it take to create a vaccine, and will it happen before we’ve developed herd immunity? What’s the difference between a live virus vaccine, a recombinant vaccine, and an mRNA vaccine, and which might be most effective against coronavirus? How long does it take to be sure a vaccine is safe for humans? Why can’t everyone in the US get a serological test to see if they’ve already had COVID-19? What can the coronavirus pandemic teach us about policies and funding that impacts scientific research in the future? Additional resources from Dr. Julia Schaletzky, Executive Director of the Henry Wheeler Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases at University of California, Berkeley: Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases (CEND) http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/ CEND COVID-19 Outbreak Watch http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/coronavirus-outbreak-watch/ Immunotherapy and Vaccine Research Institute (IVRI) https://ivri.berkeley.edu/ Department of Molecular & Cell Biology (MCB) faculty bio for Julia Schaletzky, PhD https://haas.berkeley.edu/biology-business/academics/faculty/ Follow @CENDUCBerkeley on Twitter https://twitter.com/CENDUCBerkeley Follow  Dr. Schaletzky’s CEND profile http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/julia-schaletzky-phd/ Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Coronavirus Vaccine Development: Scientific Challenges and Timelines with Dr. Julia Schaletzky (COVID-19 Bonus Episode)

Dr. Julia Schaletzky explains why the U.S. is having a hard time testing everyone for the coronavirus. Plus: learn about how ketamine can help with depression and anxiety; and how an anonymous Anime fan on 4chan helped solve a 25-year-old math puzzle. Additional resources from Dr. Julia Schaletzky, Executive Director of the Henry Wheeler Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases at University of California, Berkeley: Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases (CEND) http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/ CEND COVID-19 Outbreak Watch http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/coronavirus-outbreak-watch/ Immunotherapy and Vaccine Research Institute (IVRI) https://ivri.berkeley.edu/ Department of Molecular & Cell Biology (MCB) faculty bio for Julia Schaletzky, PhD https://haas.berkeley.edu/biology-business/academics/faculty/ Follow @CENDUCBerkeley on Twitter https://twitter.com/CENDUCBerkeley Follow  Dr. Schaletzky’s CEND profile http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/julia-schaletzky-phd/ How can ketamine treat anxiety? by Ashley Hamer (Listener question from Brock in Utah) Chen, J. (2019, March 21). How New Ketamine Drug Helps with Depression. Yale Medicine; YaleMedicine.org. https://www.yalemedicine.org/stories/ketamine-depression/   Meisner, R. C. (2019, May 22). Ketamine for major depression: New tool, new questions - Harvard Health Blog. Harvard Health Blog. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/ketamine-for-major-depression-new-tool-new-questions-2019052216673   U.S. Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (2017). Ketamine. In Drugs of Abuse: A DEA Resource Guide. (pp. 68.) https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/sites/getsmartaboutdrugs.com/files/publications/DoA_2017Ed_Updated_6.16.17.pdf#page=68  Gao, M., Rejaei, D., & Liu, H. (2016). Ketamine use in current clinical practice. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 37(7), 865–872. https://doi.org/10.1038/aps.2016.5   Ketamine vs. Esketamine for Depression. (2019). Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/two-takes-depression/201904/ketamine-vs-esketamine-depression   Office of the Commissioner. (2019). Understanding Unapproved Use of Approved Drugs “Off Label.” U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/patients/learn-about-expanded-access-and-other-treatment-options/understanding-unapproved-use-approved-drugs-label   Makin, S. (2019, April 12). Behind the Buzz: How Ketamine Changes the Depressed Patient’s Brain. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/behind-the-buzz-how-ketamine-changes-the-depressed-patients-brain/   An anonymous 4chan post helped solve a 25-year-old math puzzle by Grant Currin Sci-Fi Writer Greg Egan and Anonymous Math Whiz Advance Permutation Problem | Quanta Magazine. (2018). Quanta Magazine. https://www.quantamagazine.org/sci-fi-writer-greg-egan-and-anonymous-math-whiz-advance-permutation-problem-20181105/  Superpermutations — Greg Egan. (2018). Gregegan.Net. http://www.gregegan.net/SCIENCE/Superpermutations/Superpermutations.html  Anonymous 4chan Poster, Houston, R., Pantone, J., Vatter, V. (2018). A lower bound on the length of the shortest superpattern. Posted online. https://oeis.org/A180632/a180632.pdf Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Coronavirus Test Shortages Explained (w/ Dr. Julia Schaletzky), Anonymous Anime Fan Helps Solve 25-Year-Old Math Mystery, and Can Ketamine Help with Depression?

Learn about how we make vaccines to fight viruses like the coronavirus, with help from Julia Schaletzky, Executive Director of the Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases at UC Berkeley. You’ll also learn about the weird history behind why we call steak “beef” and not “cow.” Additional resources from Dr. Julia Schaletzky, Executive Director of the Henry Wheeler Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases at University of California, Berkeley: Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases (CEND) http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/ CEND COVID-19 Outbreak Watch http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/coronavirus-outbreak-watch/ Immunotherapy and Vaccine Research Institute (IVRI) https://ivri.berkeley.edu/ Department of Molecular & Cell Biology (MCB) faculty bio for Julia Schaletzky, PhD https://haas.berkeley.edu/biology-business/academics/faculty/ Follow @CENDUCBerkeley on Twitter https://twitter.com/CENDUCBerkeley Follow  Dr. Schaletzky’s CEND profile http://cend.globalhealth.berkeley.edu/julia-schaletzky-phd/ The Norman Conquest Is Why Steak Is "Beef" and Not "Cow" by Ashley Hamer https://curiosity.com/topics/the-norman-conquest-is-why-steak-is-beef-and-not-cow-curiosity Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

How a Coronavirus Vaccine Might Work (w/ Dr. Julia Schaletzky) and Why We Call Steak “Beef” and Not “Cow”

Learn about new research into how social anxiety works in the brain; how scientists developed the first synthetic self-replicating genome; and the adorable sounds penguins make underwater.  It's harder for people with social anxiety to remember encounters that ended positively by Kelsey Donk Dolan, E. W. (2020, February 13). Social anxiety is linked to impaired memory for positive social events. PsyPost; PsyPost. https://www.psypost.org/2020/02/social-anxiety-is-linked-to-impaired-memory-for-positive-social-events-55685  Social anxiety is associated with impaired memory for imagined social events with positive outcomes. (2019). Cognition and Emotion. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02699931.2019.1675596  Scientists just created the first synthetic self-replicating genome by Cameron Duke Ball, P. (2006). Smallest genome clocks in at 182 genes. Nature, news061009–10. https://www.nature.com/articles/news061009-10 El Karoui, M., Hoyos-Flight, M., & Fletcher, L. (2019). Future Trends in Synthetic Biology—A Report. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00175 Gao, Q. Q., & McNally, E. M. (2015). The Dystrophin Complex: Structure, Function, and Implications for Therapy. Comprehensive Physiology, 1223–1239. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cphy.c140048Libicher, K., Hornberger, R., Heymann, M., & Mutschler, H. (2020). In vitro self-replication and multicistronic expression of large synthetic genomes. Nature Communications, 11(1), 1–8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14694-2 Reproductive genome from the laboratory. (2020, February 17). Www.Mpg.De. https://www.mpg.de/14473280/reproductive-genome-from-the-lab Penguins can call underwater by Steffie Drucker Hakai Magazine. (2020). Penguins Call Underwater | Hakai Magazine. Hakai Magazine; Hakai Magazine. https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/penguins-call-underwater/  Thiebault, A., Charrier, I., Aubin, T., Green, D. B., & Pistorius, P. A. (2019). First evidence of underwater vocalisations in hunting penguins. PeerJ, 7, e8240. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8240  Aubin, T., Jouventin, P., & Hildebrand, C. (2000). Penguins use the two–voice system to recognize each other. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 267(1448), 1081–1087. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1112  Emperor Penguin | National Geographic. (2011, June 10). Nationalgeographic.Com. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/e/emperor-penguin/  Fun videos from Chicago’s Museum Campus: Penguins explore the Shedd Aquarium https://twitter.com/shedd_aquarium/status/1239661654629023747 Chicago Tribune coverage https://www.chicagotribune.com/coronavirus/ct-ent-shedd-penguins-field-trip-20200315-bpo4v5cwwnggzjp5ghccme3ray-story.html Adler Planetarium’s response https://twitter.com/AdlerPlanet/status/1240658129525919747 Field Museum’s response https://twitter.com/FieldMuseum/status/1240286876415799296 Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Memory’s Role in Social Anxiety, The First Synthetic Self-Replicating Genome, and Penguins Can Call Underwater

Learn about a medical mystery involving blindness and schizophrenia; a new bacteria scientists developed to help protect honeybees; and the surprising strength of helmets used in World War I. No person who was born blind has ever been diagnosed with schizophrenia by Andrea Michelson Love, S. (2020, February 11). People Born Blind Are Mysteriously Protected From Schizophrenia. Vice; vice. https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/939qbz/people-born-blind-are-mysteriously-protected-from-schizophrenia Morgan, V. A., Clark, M., Crewe, J., Valuri, G., Mackey, D. A., Badcock, J. C., & Jablensky, A. (2018). Congenital blindness is protective for schizophrenia and other psychotic illness. A whole-population study. Schizophrenia Research, 202, 414–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.061  Silverstein, S. M., Wang, Y., & Keane, B. P. (2013). Cognitive and Neuroplasticity Mechanisms by Which Congenital or Early Blindness May Confer a Protective Effect Against Schizophrenia. Frontiers in Psychology, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00624  Steve Silverstein’s chart tracking skills associated with blindness and schizophrenia: https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/40106/fpsyg-03-00624-r2/image_m/fpsyg-03-00624-t001.jpg Prediction of adult-onset schizophrenia from childhood home movies of the patients | American Journal of Psychiatry. (2020). American Journal of Psychiatry. https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.147.8.1052?journalCode=ajp&  Pollak, T. A., & Corlett, P. R. (2019). Blindness, Psychosis, and the Visual Construction of the World. Schizophrenia Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbz098  Scientists have engineered bacteria to protect honeybees from colony collapse by Grant Currin Bacteria Engineered to Protect Bees from Pests and Pathogens - UT News. (2020, January 30). UT News. https://news.utexas.edu/2020/01/30/bacteria-engineered-to-protect-bees-from-pests-and-pathogens/  Leonard, S. P., Powell, J. E., Perutka, J., Geng, P., Heckmann, L. C., Horak, R. D., Davies, B. W., Ellington, A. D., Barrick, J. E., & Moran, N. A. (2020). Engineered symbionts activate honey bee immunity and limit pathogens. Science, 367(6477), 573–576. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax9039  Ramsey, S. D., Ochoa, R., Bauchan, G., Gulbronson, C., Mowery, J. D., Cohen, A., Lim, D., Joklik, J., Cicero, J. M., Ellis, J. D., Hawthorne, D., & vanEngelsdorp, D. (2019). Varroa destructor feeds primarily on honey bee fat body tissue and not hemolymph. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(5), 1792–1801. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818371116  US EPA,OCSPP. (2013, August 29). Colony Collapse Disorder | US EPA. US EPA. https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection/colony-collapse-disorder ‌ WWI helmets protected against shock waves as well as modern ones by Steffie Drucker WWI helmets protect against shock waves just as well as modern designs. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/du-whp021420.php  Op ‘t Eynde, J., Yu, A. W., Eckersley, C. P., & Bass, C. R. (2020). Primary blast wave protection in combat helmet design: A historical comparison between present day and World War I. PLOS ONE, 15(2), e0228802. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228802  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

No One Born Blind Has Had Schizophrenia, Bacteria Engineered to Protect Honeybees, and The Surprising Way WWI Helmets Beat Modern Ones

Learn about the first animal scientists have ever discovered that doesn’t breathe oxygen; how we might be able to hijack the brain’s immune system to improve memory; and the biggest explosion in the history of the universe. Scientists discover first animal that doesn't breathe oxygen by Cameron Duke Specktor, B. (2020, February 24). Scientists discover first known animal that doesn’t breathe. Livescience.com; Live Science. https://www.livescience.com/first-non-breathing-animal.html   Yahalomi, D., Atkinson, S. D., Neuhof, M., Chang, E. S., Philippe, H., Cartwright, P., Bartholomew, J. L., & Huchon, D. (2020). A cnidarian parasite of salmon (Myxozoa: Henneguya) lacks a mitochondrial genome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201909907. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909907117 We might be able to hijack the brain's immune system to improve memory by Grant Currin Weaver II, E., Doyle, H. (2019, August 8). Cells of the Brain. Dana Foundation. https://www.dana.org/article/cells-of-the-brain/#:~:text=  How the brain’s immune system could be harnessed to improve memory. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/ru-htb021020.php  ‌De Luca, S. N., Soch, A., Sominsky, L., Nguyen, T.-X., Bosakhar, A., & Spencer, S. J. (2020). Glial remodeling enhances short-term memory performance in Wistar rats. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-020-1729-4  Astronomers detect biggest explosion in the history of the universe by Grant Currin Astronomers detect biggest explosion in the history of the universe. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/icfr-adb022720.php Giacintucci, S., Markevitch, M., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Wik, D. R., Wang, Q. H. S., & Clarke, T. E. (2020). Discovery of a Giant Radio Fossil in the Ophiuchus Galaxy Cluster. The Astrophysical Journal, 891(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6a9d  ‌This Black Hole Blew a Hole in the Cosmos. (2020, March 6). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/06/science/black-hole-cosmos-astrophysics.html  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

First Animal That Doesn’t Breathe Oxygen, Biggest Explosion in the Universe’s History, and Improving Memory with the Brain’s Immune System

Learn about how to choose the best music for your workout playlist; why learning more about a new disease like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) won’t comfort you; and how to clean your phone. For the best workout playlist, go for deep bass and fast tempos by Mae Rice Tunes for training: High-tempo music may make exercise easier and more beneficial. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/f-tft012920.php   MacMillan, A. (2014, August 19). What Type of Music Should I Listen To Before and During a Workout? Outside Online; Outside Magazine. https://www.outsideonline.com/1785571/what-type-music-should-i-listen-and-during-workout    Hsu, D. Y., Huang, L., Nordgren, L. F., Rucker, D. D., & Galinsky, A. D. (2014). The Music of Power. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(1), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550614542345    Patania, V. M., Padulo, J., Iuliano, E., Ardigò, L. P., Čular, D., Miletić, A., & De Giorgio, A. (2020). The Psychophysiological Effects of Different Tempo Music on Endurance Versus High-Intensity Performances. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00074   More info about a disease won’t comfort you by Steffie Drucker  Knowing more about a virus threat may not satisfy you. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-03/osu-kma030920.php  Hubner, A. Y., & Hovick, S. R. (2020). Understanding Risk Information Seeking and Processing during an Infectious Disease Outbreak: The Case of Zika Virus. Risk Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13456  World Health Organization: WHO. (2018, July 20). Zika virus. Who.Int; World Health Organization: WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/zika-virus  Keaten, J. (2016, February). WHO declares global emergency over Zika virus spread. AP News; Associated Press. https://apnews.com/af581b94ff5542ffa24cd45bed28e404  Robinson, B. (2020, March 13). The Psychology Of Uncertainty: How To Cope With COVID-19 Anxiety. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrobinson/2020/03/12/the-psychology-of-uncertainty-how-to-cope-with-covid-19-anxiety/#569310f6394a  Markman, A. (2016, August 22). A Guide To Uncertainty For People Who Hate Not Knowing. Fast Company; Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/3062984/a-guide-to-uncertainty-for-people-who-hate-not-knowing  How to clean your phone by Ashley Hamer (Listener question from Linda) Meadow, J. F., Altrichter, A. E., & Green, J. L. (2014). Mobile phones carry the personal microbiome of their owners. PeerJ, 2, e447. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.447   This Is How to Clean Your Smartphone Without Destroying It. (2018). Curiosity.com. https://curiosity.com/topics/this-is-how-to-clean-your-smartphone-without-destroying-it-curiosity  ‌Kiedrowski, L. M., Perisetti, A., Loock, M. H., Khaitsa, M. L., & Guerrero, D. M. (2013). Disinfection of iPad to reduce contamination with Clostridium difficile and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. American Journal of Infection Control, 41(11), 1136–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2013.01.030   Apple. (2020, March 9). How to clean your Apple products. Apple Support. https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204172?mod=article_inline   Clean your Pixel phone’s back & sides - Pixel Phone Help. (2020). Google.Com. https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7533987?hl=en   Gallegos, C., McDuffee, V., Hong-Engelhard, C., & Boeck, C. (2018). Hold the phone. Nursing, 48(10), 68–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000541405.87543.65   Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

How to Clean Your Phone, More Info About a New Disease Won’t Comfort You, and the Best Workout Music According to Research

Learn about why a rising robot workforce may make humans less prejudiced towards other people; how studying a salamander that can regrow lost limbs could help us figure out how to help humans heal faster; and hormonal changes that happen in dads-to-be.  A rising robot workforce may make humans less prejudiced by Kelsey Donk Conrad, J. (2020). Opinion: Robot co-workers could reduce prejudice among humans. Los Angeles Times; Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2020-01-01/robots-workers-racial-prejudice-psychology  Jackson, J. C., Castelo, N., & Gray, K. (2020). Could a rising robot workforce make humans less prejudiced? American Psychologist. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2020-00794-001 Can knowing how salamanders regrow their limbs help humans do the same? by Andrea Michelson Regeneration: The amphibian’s opus. (2020, January). Knowable Magazine | Annual Reviews. https://www.knowablemagazine.org/article/living-world/2020/axolotl-limb-regeneration   Elizabeth Preston, Quanta Magazine. (2018, July 7). Salamander’s Genome Guards Secrets of Limb Regrowth. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/salamander-rsquo-s-genome-guards-secrets-of-limb-regrowth/   Currie, J. D., Kawaguchi, A., Traspas, R. M., Schuez, M., Chara, O., & Tanaka, E. M. (2016). Live Imaging of Axolotl Digit Regeneration Reveals Spatiotemporal Choreography of Diverse Connective Tissue Progenitor Pools. Developmental Cell, 39(4), 411–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2016.10.013   Smith, J. J., Timoshevskaya, N., Timoshevskiy, V. A., Keinath, M. C., Hardy, D., & Voss, S. R. (2019). A chromosome-scale assembly of the axolotl genome. Genome Research, 29(2), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.241901.118   Nowoshilow, S., Schloissnig, S., Fei, J.-F., Dahl, A., Pang, A. W. C., Pippel, M., Winkler, S., Hastie, A. R., Young, G., Roscito, J. G., Falcon, F., Knapp, D., Powell, S., Cruz, A., Cao, H., Habermann, B., Hiller, M., Tanaka, E. M., & Myers, E. W. (2018). The axolotl genome and the evolution of key tissue formation regulators. Nature, 554(7690), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25458   Gerber, T., Murawala, P., Knapp, D., Masselink, W., Schuez, M., Hermann, S., Gac-Santel, M., Nowoshilow, S., Kageyama, J., Khattak, S., Currie, J. D., Camp, J. G., Tanaka, E. M., & Treutlein, B. (2018). Single-cell analysis uncovers convergence of cell identities during axolotl limb regeneration. Science, 362(6413), eaaq0681. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0681  Dads-to-Be Experience Hormonal Changes, Too by Ashley Hamer  Hamer, A. Dads-to-Be Experience Hormonal Changes, Too. (2017). Curiosity.com. https://curiosity.com/topics/dads-to-be-experience-hormonal-changes-too-curiosity  Edelstein, R. S., Chopik, W. J., Saxbe, D. E., Wardecker, B. M., Moors, A. C., & LaBelle, O. P. (2016). Prospective and dyadic associations between expectant parents’ prenatal hormone changes and postpartum parenting outcomes. Developmental Psychobiology, 59(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21469 Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Robot Workers May Change Prejudices, Hormonal Changes in Dads-to-Be, and How Salamanders Regrow Their Limbs

Author David Owen discusses what happens once you’ve lost your hearing — and how much technology can actually help. Then, learn about the psychology behind our reactions to a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic.  Additional resources from David Owen: Pick up “Volume Control: Hearing in a Deafening World” on Amazon https://amzn.to/32l0dU5  Part 1 of our interview (why it’s never too early to protect your hearing) https://curiositydaily.com/its-never-too-early-to-protect-your-hearing-w-david-owen-and-why-you-should-work-in-90-minute-spurts/ Part 2 of our interview (protecting yourself from hearing loss) https://curiositydaily.com/protecting-yourself-from-hearing-loss-w-david-owen-and-why-woolly-mammoths-went-extinct/  Additional publications by David Owen https://amzn.to/2vW2xoy  Official website https://www.davidowen.net/ Articles by David Owen in The New Yorker https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/david-owen  "Adjustment reaction" and how to cope when first learning about a crisis by Kelsey Donk  Sandman, P. (2020). Adjustment Reactions: The Teachable Moment in Crisis Communication (Peter Sandman column). PSandman.com. http://www.psandman.com/col/teachable.htm Nieman Guide to Covering Pandemic Flu | Crisis Communication | How Do People React in a Pandemic? (2010). Harvard.edu. https://nieman.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/pod-assets/microsites/NiemanGuideToCoveringPandemicFlu/CrisisCommunication/HowDoPeopleReactInAPandemic.aspx.html#panic Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

Hearing Loss and Technology (w/ David Owen) and the Psychology of Reacting to a Crisis (Like COVID-19)

Epidemiologist Amesh Adalja answers frequently asked questions about COVID-19 in this special bonus episode. Dr. Adalja is a Senior Scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security, and will help you understand what we know and what we don’t know as of this week. In this episode, Dr. Amesh Amalja answers these frequently asked questions about COVID-19: What do we know for sure in terms of transmissibility, symptoms, severity of symptoms, mortality rate, incubation period — or is our understanding about everything evolving? What do we know about risk factors for specific comorbidities? Why comparisons to the seasonal flu are fair to make? If the virus isn’t as risky to children, then why are we closing schools? What is going to be accomplished by discouraging or limiting large groups of people getting together? Are you at a higher risk for more severe symptoms if you have had exposures to multiple different people who are carrying the virus? Why don’t we just expose young and healthy people to the virus to build up immunity? How much safer are we if everyone practices hand hygiene and social distancing? Any other coronavirus myths worth discussing? How long will it take for us to see the full impact of the pandemic and how will we reassess the extent of the damage in the future? Will this virus die off in the summer? What are the best medical sources to follow for coronavirus updates? Additional resources recommended by Dr. Amesh Adalja, an expert in emergency medicine and infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019: Official website http://www.trackingzebra.com/ Follow @AmeshAA on Twitter https://twitter.com/AmeshAA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 information https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html STAT https://www.statnews.com/  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

COVID-19 Myths and FAQs with Dr. Amesh Adalja, Epidemiologist

Curiosity makes you smarter – and so will this podcast. Each week, we talk to experts who can help you get smart about the world around you, with a timely blend of cultural trends, life hacks, and developments in science and technology. You'll learn about your mind and your body, outer space and the depths of the sea, how history shaped the world into what it is today, and more. From the largest galaxies to your smallest brain cells, our curiosity will help you understand the world better. From the makers of Curiosity.com and the award winning iOS and Android apps.

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