Anne M. Holbrook, MD and Gordon Guyatt, MD, discuss Surrogate Outcomes from the JAMA Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature Related Content: When Can Intermediate Outcomes Be Used as Surrogate Outcomes? FDA Acceptance of Surrogate End Points for Cancer Drug Approval: 1992-2019 What Constitutes a Valid Surrogate End Point in Cancer Clinical Trials? 

JAMAevidence Users' Guides to the Medical Literature

Surrogate Outcomes from the Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature

JAMA editors and authors explain the methods underlying clinical research to help students, trainees, and health professionals use the published medical literature to make evidence-based decisions for patients. JAMAevidence is an evidence-based medicine (EBM) resource created and maintained by the JAMA Network to promote the use of EBM to improve patient care.

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JAMAevidence Users' Guides to the Medical Literature